The project aims to help Ulaanbaatar''s ger area residents access cleaner heating appliances, scale up the efficiency of household energy use, and support measures to reduce levels of particulate matter in the air.
Ulaanbaatar is among the most polluted cities in the world. About half of its 1.4 million residents live in informal ger areas without access to district heating. To keep warm in winter, residents rely mainly on stoves and low-pressure boilers burning coal and wood — one of the leading causes for high levels of air pollution in winter and smog-induced public health problems.
The UBCAP was first approved in April 2012 with a total of US$15 million in financing to help ger area residents gain access to heating appliances that produce less particulate matter emissions and to develop measures to reduce particulate matter in Ulaanbaatar in coordination with development partners. The project distributed more than 40,000 clean stoves between 2013 and 2015. A pilot program on residential energy efficiency improvement financed under UBCAP supported 472 residential houses in ger neighborhoods and 12 government buildings.
"Ulaanbaatar''s air quality challenges cannot be solved with one single solution: multiple abatement measures need to be pursued simultaneously in the short-to-medium term. One such measure is the access to clean and energy efficient heating appliances, which is crucial to the well-being of the most vulnerable residents of Ulaanbaatar," said Andrei Mikhnev, World Bank Country Manager for Mongolia. "Through this project we are delighted to expand our support to Mongolia to help address these challenges."
A new component added under the additional financing is a demonstration program on electric heating with thermal storage. The component will introduce heaters that can store surplus electricity produced during winter nights from combined heat and power plants and wind farms and use it back for clean heating for the entire day. Combined with energy efficiency measures, experiences and lessons learned will inform the design of the government''s electric heating program, which aims to provide electric heating for more than 40,000 ger households.
The Bank is also supporting the government to develop a broader program to tackle air pollution in the longer-term, including rehabilitation and expansion of the district heating network, scaling up decentralized clean heating solutions and building energy efficiency in ger areas.
Approach to Transformational Change: The "Mongolia – Energy Performance Contracting for Residential Retrofitting in Ulaanbaatar City" project is designed to jump-start a large-scale thermo-technical retrofitting (TTR) program and create the market conditions to scale up investments in energy efficiency.
Mitigation potential: The project aims to directly mitigate 2.4 Mt CO2e over the lifetime of its interventions at a cost efficiency of 15 EUR/tCO2e plus an additional 2.3 Mt CO2e of indirect emissions will be mitigated due to continuous retrofitting efforts.
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Batsumber, Z.; He, J. Measurement of Indoor Thermal Environment and Analysis of Heating Energy Saving in Residential Buildings in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Sustainability 2023, 15, 10598. https://doi /10.3390/su151310598
Batsumber Z, He J. Measurement of Indoor Thermal Environment and Analysis of Heating Energy Saving in Residential Buildings in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Sustainability. 2023; 15(13):10598. https://doi /10.3390/su151310598
Batsumber, Zolsaikhan, and Jiang He. 2023. "Measurement of Indoor Thermal Environment and Analysis of Heating Energy Saving in Residential Buildings in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia" Sustainability 15, no. 13: 10598. https://doi /10.3390/su151310598
Batsumber, Z., & He, J. (2023). Measurement of Indoor Thermal Environment and Analysis of Heating Energy Saving in Residential Buildings in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Sustainability, 15(13), 10598. https://doi /10.3390/su151310598
The successful collaboration between the Mitigation Action Facility, GIZ, and all project stakeholders sets a positive example for sustainable energy solutions. With a firm commitment to creating a greener and more sustainable future, the “Mongolia – Energy Performance Building Retrofitting” project paves the way for transformative change in Ulaanbaatar’s energy landscape. Through this project, the city takes a crucial step towards a more sustainable and energy-efficient future, ensuring a brighter tomorrow for its residents.
The project represents a significant step forward in addressing the city’s energy challenges and promoting sustainable development. By improving energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the project contributes to Mongolia’s climate change mitigation goals and enhances the resilience and well-being of Ulaanbaatar’s residents.
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