Itaipu is an international entity directly created by the Treaty between Brazil and Paraguay on April 26, 1973. Previously, both countries had already signed the Act of Iguaçú, agreeing to explore the Paraná River to generate hydropower, cooperatively.
That’s why Itaipu is not only the result of civil and electrical engineering, but also viewed as a diplomatic achievement that solved border disputes between Brazil and Paraguay that had been discussed for over a century.
The governments of Brazil and Paraguay are responsible for appointing the Itaipu Binacional Executive Board of Directors. Each position allotted to a country has its counterpart on the opposite side.
In addition to the Executive Board of Directors, Itaipu has a Supervisory Board with twelve members, six from Brazil and six from Paraguay, and one representative from each country’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
There are 20 generating units of 700 Megawatts each, which comprise 14,000 Megawatts of installed capacity. Ten units operate in 50 Hertz, the utility frequency in Paraguay. The other 10 operate in 60 Hertz, the frequency used in Brazil.
Itaipu provides around 90% of the electricity consumed in Paraguay and 10% in Brazil. It is the single plant that has produced the most energy in history: more than 3 million Gigawatt-hours since 1984, enough to supply the world for 43 days.
Itaipu promotes a series of initiatives that aim to ensure the quantity and quality of water in the reservoir in the long term. One of the main ones is the conservation of 100 thousand hectares of the Atlantic Forest that surround it, in both margins.
This green infrastructure – designated as Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO – provides various ecosystem services, including benefits for food production, one of the main economic activities in the nearby territory. Itaipu also promotes the recovery of nearby watersheds in partnership with municipalities and the communities.
These commitments translated into policies and practices that promote ecosystems conservation and the well-being of the population. In Brazil, these actions take place in the western region of Paraná, and Mato Grosso do Sul states. In Paraguay, they have national coverage and benefit different regions of the country.
Within the social dimension of sustainable development, activities by Itaipu are designed to help to reduce poverty, increase food security, nutrition, and health, foster better education, and promote income. The company also acts on promoting tourism and improving the infrastructure at the border region.
Aware of the region’s potential, Itaipu promotes a series of initiatives to attract tourists worldwide and to enhance the quality of local infrastructure and services. The promotion of tourism is also part of Itaipu’s mission as a way for the company to promote the economy sustainably.
Itaipu’s protected areas in Brazil gained the status of Biosphere Reserve in 2019 – a title already obtained by the areas of the company’s Paraguayan margin, in 2017. The territory is considered as a core zone of the Atlantic Forest Biosphere Reserve by the Program “Man and the Biosphere” (MaB) of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (Unesco).
In the UNWTO Awards for Excellence and Innovation in tourism, the Itaipu Tourist Complex won the UNWTO Award for Innovation in Research and Technology (13 countries participated in the competition in four categories with 16 projects).
The environmental program Cultivando Água Boa (Cultivating Good Water), developed by Itaipu in partnership with 29 municipalities, received UN recognition as the best management of water resources. Cultivando Água Boa competed with 40 initiatives from all continents and won 1st place in the “Best practices in water management” category, in the 5th edition of the Water for Life Award, in 2015.
Itaipu Binacional is the third company in Brazil to receive the Life Certification, a methodology that assesses the effectiveness of the environmental management system of the company and actions for biodiversity conservation.
The Cultivando Água Boa (Cultivating Good Water) Program won the Americas Award as an example of excellence in environmental sustainability. The award is granted by the United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR), in partnership with the International Training Centre for Local Actors for Latin America (CIFAL) – Atlanta, United States.
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