Equatorial guinea energy storage for demand response
1.1 A brief outline of your jurisdiction's naturalgas sector, including a general description of: natural gasreserves; natural gas production including the extent to whichproduction is associated or non-associated natural gas; import andexport of natural gas, including liquefied natural gas("LNG Contact online >>
1.1 A brief outline of your jurisdiction's naturalgas sector, including a general description of: natural gasreserves; natural gas production including the extent to whichproduction is associated or non-associated natural gas; import andexport of natural gas, including liquefied natural gas("LNG") liquefaction and export facilities, and/orreceiving and re-gasification facilities ("LNGfacilities"); natural gas pipeline transportation anddistribution/transmission network; natural gas storage; andcommodity sales and trading.
Equatorial Guinea has an estimated 4.91 trillion cubic feet ofproven natural gas reserves. The production capacity of gas hasincreased significantly by 5.73%, yearly, from 6.2 million cubicmetres in 2015, to 7.75 million cubic metres in 2018, and isexpected to continue to increase as new developments and projectsare executed.
Equatorial Guinea is one of the first African countries tosuccessfully develop and implement gas monetisation initiatives.The country's Gas Mega Hub Project provides the foundationfor large scale gas commercialisation and could position thecountry as a regional gas leader. The project designed to harnessunexploited offshore domestic and regional gas resources includesthe transportation of gas from local fields and other Africancountries like Cameroon and Nigeria to the onshore gas processingand liquefaction facilities at Punta Europa and onward sale to theglobal gas market.
In 2022, central African countries, of which Equatorial Guineais one, signed an agreement to construct an oil and gas pipelinenetwork and hub infrastructures that aim to connect the CentralAfrican Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC) member nations.When completed, the project, which will include the construction ofthree gas pipelines measuring about 6,500 km (4,000 miles), storagedepots and LNG terminals, will boost the energy capacity across theregion.
Equatorial Guinea also has an LNG terminal in Bioko Island nstruction of the 3.7 mmta production facility with one train wascompleted in 2007. It is important to mention the Fortuna FLNGproject, the proposed construction of an FLNG terminal on blockEG-27 (formerly Block R), which could significantly increase gasproduction in Equatorial Guinea. This project has sufferedsignificant delays occasioned by inability to secure appropriatefinancing.
Equatorial Guinea's energy requirements are currentlybeing met by two main energy sources – hydrocarbon andhydropower, and interestingly, its combined capacity far exceedscurrent local requirements. Hydrocarbons account for about 61% ofthe total energy consumed in Equatorial Guinea.
Equatorial Guinea is divided into two geographical regions: themainland; and several islands, among which is the island of Biokowhere the capital of the country is located. The island of Bioko ispowered by the turbo-gas plant located in Punta Europa (Malabo),with an installed capacity of 154.2 MW, which provides energy tothe entire island of Bioko through a 66 kV and 33 kV network.
According to data from the Ministry of Industry and Energy, in2016, the demand for energy on the Island of Bioko was 79 MW, whilethe demand on the main land region of the country was 65 MW.However, in each region, production stood at approximately 154.2MW, well above demand.
Throughout Bioko Island, except for the small hydroelectricplants of Musola 1 and 2, which are currently inoperative,electricity is mostly produced from natural gas through theTurbo-Gas plant. In the continental region, on the other hand, allelectricity production is from the Djibloho Hydroelectric PowerPlant.
Besides these two major plants, there are several ongoingelectricity production projects that include natural gas fuel (suchas the transformation from fuel to gas at the Bata terminal plantstations) and hydroelectrical sources (such as the Sendje plant,which could increase capacity by 200 MW).
Even though the production capacity exceeds local demand, onlyabout 66.7% of the population (as at 2020) have access toelectricity and this can be attributed to inadequate or dilapidatedinfrastructure.
In 2021, its natural gas export was reported at 4,693.614 cub mmn, an increase from 2020, which was reported at 4,025.920 cub mmn. Its current natural gas export is reported at 6.686.728(INEGE-2021) m mn.
Production of crude oil and condensates has been decreasingrapidly since 2007 (by around 6%/year) to 8.8 Mt in 2020. Itincreased dramatically following the commissioning of the firstfield of Alba in 1996 and then the Zafiro field, reaching a peak of19 Mt in 2007.
About 85% of production is in the form of crude oil and 15% ascondensates. Crude oil production comes almost entirely from threefields – Zafiro, Ceiba and Okume – while condensatescome from the Alba field. The continued fall in the production ofoil in the country has caused concern in the industry as thecountry's economy relies heavily on the oil and gas industry.The industry accounts for 80% of the fiscal revenue and 60% of GDP.Measures are being taken to increase oil production includingimplementing new licensing rounds and putting together strategiesto attract new investors.
Equatorial Guinea does not currently have any refining capacity.Nonetheless, there are plans to develop refineries in the country.The Equatorial Guinea government signed an MOU with the DemocraticRepublic of the Congo (DRC) in 2022 to jointly develop an oilrefinery and storage facilities. Also, the national Oil Company,GePetrol, China Railway Construction Corporation and CIRDL signedan agreement for the development of a 20,000 bpd modularrefinery.
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